Substance Flow Analysis of Manganese Associated with Iron and Steel Flow in Japan

Abstract

This study conducts the substance flow analysis (SFA) of Manganese (Mn) with regard to the iron and steel cycle, which accounts for 95% of the demand for Mn, along with the data collection and assessment of material/substance flow; as a result, an efficient material cycle system is formulated for the Mn flow.
The main conclusions are (1) Mn charged as iron ore and the Mn content of other ferrous raw materials reached 266.2×10³ t-Mn of which 208.9×10³ t-Mn was discharged as pig iron and 55.4×10³ t-Mn as blast furnace slag in the ironmaking process, and (2) 530.7×10³ t-Mn was discharged as steelmaking slag and 577.6×10³ t-Mn was charged in the secondary refining process as Ferro-Mn, Si–Mn, and metal Mn for the purpose of adding them as constituents of alloy in the steelmaking process.