Abstract
Before evaluating the quality of hemodialysis from the limited volume of human blood using a commercially available open-ended coaxial probe, we previously measured the complex relative permittivity of pure water in the frequency range from 200MHz to 6GHz with respect to its measured liquid volume, and obtained the measurement errors relative to the calculated values from an empirical formula Udo developed for water permittivity to reveal that 0.9ml water in a beaker with a diameter of 24mm and a depth of 2mm gives a variation within ±0.5% for the real part and ±7% for the imaginary part. Based on the above finding, we measured for normal healthy subjects and patients who require hemodialysis the dielectric properties of 2.5ml whole blood in a syringe with a diameter of 20mm and a depth of 8mm. As a result, we found that Cole-Cole parameters are significantly different with a level of 5% among their averaged values for normal subjects and patients before/after dialysis.
