Abstract
In enamel rods, periodic bands referred to as 'cross-striations' are observed, and known as incremental lines of circadian rhythm. Though it is considered that the cross-striation is involved in the biological circadian rhythm during the secretion of enamel matrix protein by ameloblasts, the developmental mechanism involved has not been examined in detail. By immunostaining amelogenin in fresh frozen sections of mouse lower incisor, we could observe fluorescent periodic bands in the enamel matrix, which were identical to the pattern of these cross-striations. Accordingly, we focused on the biological rhythm in the section of amelogenin. We examined amelogenin mRNA transcriptional activity in an ameloblast cell line (HAT7) by using real-time luminescence microscopy. The results showed that amelogenin mRNA transcriptional activity exhibited periodic rhythmicity and that Msx2 over-expression led to the disappearance of the periodic change. Further, in the lower incisors of Msx2-deficient mice, the periodic bands were not observed. Taken together, our findings suggest that the formation of cross-striations in the enamel rods was associated with the expression of amelogenin regulated by the transcriptional activity.
