Abstract
This paper is the second report following the ″Living Environment of Nomads Residing on the Outskirts of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.″ The series of this study aims to reveal characteristic tendencies in the perception of livelihood and activities and behaviors of the nomads and to study the relationship between the life system with fewer environmental burdens fostered in the traditional nomad society and their perception of livelihood and communities. Opinion surveys and interviews were conducted for nomads residing on the outskirts of Ulaanbaatar regarding their summer (August) campsites. A spatial configuration survey (measurement survey) of the groups (Khot-ail) formed by nomads was also conducted. The purpose was to consider the relationship between the living space and the unique lifestyle of nomads and their perceptions and activities, with the aim of obtaining basic knowledge regarding the creation of the unique nomad living environment. The results indicated that the sustainable lifestyle of nomads that is rooted in the characteristics of the natural environment is the result of the ″cooperative and cooperative labor″ quality of nomadic life, as seen in the daily life and leisure activities of nomads, and the ″flexibility″ of nomadic life, as seen in the mobility of nomads, the spatial configuration and household makeup of the Khot-ail and so on.
