Euthanasia as “Resignation”:the view of euthanasia by Ogai Mori

Abstract

    It is often noted in bioethics that “Takasebune” is a work expressing “mercy killing.” However, there is an interpretational problem with this work regarding two subjects― “chisoku (contentment) ” and “euthanasia.” Examining Ogai Mori’s view of euthanasia is necessary to understand the problem. In this paper, I survey four matters associated with Ogai Mori: the introduction of a theory of euthanasia in Germany, the experience as a medical officer in the Japanese-Russo War, the failed attempt of euthanasia on his eldest daughter, and his own last words. I then argue that it is possible to interpret the above-mentioned matters in “Takasebune” based on the idea of “akirame (Resignation)” that was served as the basis of Ogai’s life; in other words, it is possible to view “chisoku” as “resignation of property,” and “euthanasia” as “resignation of life.” However, the word “akirameru” has two meanings: an old meaning “to clarify reason” and a new one “to give up,” and Ogai seemed to use the word to have a double meaning. The idea “euthanasia as ‘Resignation’ ” overturns the view that “mercy killing” is the only Japanese traditional alternative to the Western view of euthanasia based on the individual right to self-determination, and it offers another non-Western view.