Abstract
Oligodontia is defined as the congenital absence of six or more teeth, excluding third molars. Since April 2012, Japanese public health insurance has covered orthodontic treatment for this condition, yet clinical reports on its prevalence and characteristics remain scarce. This study surveyed eight patients (3 males, 5 females) with nonsyndromic oligodontia at an orthodontic clinic to evaluate their clinical profiles. The mean age at the initial visit was 13.1 years, with an average of 8 missing teeth per patient. The second premolars in both arches were the most frequently absent, whereas the maxillary central incisors and all first molars were most frequently present. These results indicate that the patterns of tooth agenesis in oligodontia differ from those in milder cases. Clinicians should prioritize monitoring dental development and tooth replacement sequences to facilitate early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of oligodontia during the growth phase.
