Abstract
A 77-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for chronic empyema with pulmonary fistula following artificial pneumothorax for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of 20. Because chest tube drainage failed to control the inflammation and close the fistula, fenestration was performed. At approximately 2 years after surgery, a small tumor appeared, arising from the opened chest wall. Biopsy revealed the tumor to be malignant lymphoma. Local resection with a wide margin was carried out under local anesthesia. The patient has remained free from local recurrence and distant metastasis during the 13 months since the operation. We should be aware that pyothorax-associated lymphoma might occur even after fenestration for the therapy of chronic empyema.
