The 21 May 2003 Zemmouri (Algeria) Earthquake: Damages and Disaster Responses

Abstract

A large number of reinforced concrete buildings collapsed or were heavily damaged during the 6.8 magnitude Zemmouri earthquake that struck northern Algeria on 21 May 2003. A technical survey campaign was launched to assess damages and losses in the most affected areas in Algiers and Boumerdes prefectures. Reinforced concrete frame structures and apartment buildings were the most damaged categories. Buildings with shear walls or steel frames performed well. Analyses of collected data showed that damage was randomly distributed in different localities. Results and observations highlighted the following deficiencies: poor quality of materials, poor quality of construction, insufficient element sizes and dimensions, lack of good detailing and poor design. This paper also reviews the seismic hazard preparedness and disaster response, including emergency relief, administrative, technical and scientific issues, and social issues. Finally, lessons from the catastrophic event and future needs are summarized.