A Review on Direction Finding of VLF/ELF Sferics

Abstract

ELF/VLF sferics are recently recognized as an effective tool to study the global distribution of background lightning, huge lightning, global warming and meteorological anomalies, and so a lot of attention has been paid again to these sferics. This paper reviews nearly all of the direction finding methods so far proposed mainly in the VLF/ELF frequency range with different principles (single or multiple station measurement, observation of azimuth or time of arrival, etc.). Depending on your purpose, you can choose any one from these methods.