LIQUEFACTION DAMAGE REDUCTION MEASURES FOR SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURES BY GRAVEL REPLACEMENT UNDER THE OUTER CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE STRUCTURE

Abstract

A new liquefaction countermeasure for small structures was proposed to reduce liquefaction damage. In our approach, the ground below the perimeter of the foundation circumference is replaced by gravel, opening a drainage route to the ground surface. Centrifugal model tests confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method. The method does not prevent liquefaction, but significantly reduces the degree of tilting of the structures.