Abstract
During or after ERCP procedures, various adverse events can happen. ERCP is associated with more frequent complications compared with other endoscopic procedures. In this review, the current situation regarding ERCP-related complications is discussed. Bleeding can be caused particularly by a sphincteroplasty, among which life-threatening bleeding necessitating IVR can sometimes occur. Perforations are reportedly classified under three categories：gastrointestinal perforation, periampullary perforation, and bile duct perforation. Gastrointestinal perforation usually requires surgical management. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is the most frequent complication. Pancreatic stent, wire guided cannulation and NSAIDs appear to be effective to prevent PEP. Cholangitis and cholecystitis may happen after ERCP, most of which can be treated with biliary drainage. There can be various stent-related complications which are treated with treatments specific to each event. During lithotomy, basket impaction may happen although it is rare. In this case, the use of endotriptor or ESWL are effective methods. ERCP-related complications are inevitable, and sometimes become serious, so the most important thing is to diagnose complications accurately and rapidly and conduct appropriate management for them.
