IVR for Gastric and Duodenal Bleeding

Abstract

TAE is the treatment of choice for cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that are difficult to treat endoscopically. The upper gastrointestinal tract is a region characterized by complex anastomoses of blood vessels, and embolization requires a thorough understanding of the vascular anatomy. In particular, excellent results have obtained with NBCA, an embolization material that has recently begun to be covered by insurance, because embolization with this substance is relatively unaffected by the blood coagulability. Familiarity with its use ensures its safe use. The upper gastrointestinal tract is a good candidate, in particular, for NBCA embolization, because it is an ischemia-prone organ with many vascular anastomoses.