Prognosis of Severe Abdominal Trauma in Relation to the Blood Type

Abstract

In trauma, blood type O has been found to be associated with an increased risk of exsanguination, while no such association has been reported for the other blood types. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the association between the blood type and the prognosis of abdominal trauma (need for emergency blood transfusion). [Subjects and Methods] We retrospectively examined the data of trauma cases with an abdominal AIS of ≥ 3 who presented to our center between 2008 and 2020. The patients who required transfusion of ≥ 1 U of an RBC product within 24 hours were included, and their survival rates and blood transfusion volumes were examined. [Results] Overall, 253 patients were included. Mean age, 62 years; 177 males: 76 females; blunt trauma 93％; ISS 32. The 24-hour mortality rates were 12％ and 13％ in the groups with the O and non-O blood types, respectively, and there was no significant difference in the transfusion volumes of 12 and 9 units, respectively, between the two groups. Further, after excluding head and chest trauma as a cause of death, there was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups. A multivariate analysis did not identify blood type O as being associated with the mortality. [Conclusion] In patients with abdominal trauma requiring blood transfusion, there was no significant difference in the transfusion volume required or prognosis between patients with type O and non-type O blood groups.