The Reliability and Validity of the Deviant Family Nicknames as a Family Functioning

Abstract

　　The present study aims to examine the reliability and validity of the Deviant Family Nicknames (DFNs).

　　Research A examined individual test-retest and familial inter-rater reliabilities of the DFNs. Participants were 164 female technical college students and their parents (41 fathers and 47 mothers). They answered questionnaires regarding the DFNs and students re-answered at 3 or 4 months. Results suggested that DFNs ensured a long-term stability (Kappa = .690, and .616, respectively) and inter-rater reliability among couple and family members (Kappa = .782, alpha = .864), but had only fair inter-rater agreements between parents and daughter (Kappa = .459 [father], and .388 [mother], respectively). Generational boundaries between parents and daughters might lower the agreement rates.

　　Research B verified criterion-related and constructive validities of the DFNs. Participants were 117 male high school students. They answered questionnaires, including the Family Assessment Device, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, and questionnaires regarding the DFNs. Results showed that unbound family nicknames, which were one of the DFNs and indicated aggressive relationships, had an indirect effect on students’ self esteem through general family function (r = .31). Meanwhile, bizarre family nicknames, which were also one of the DFNs and indicated familial conflict, had a direct correlation with their self esteem (r =－.27). To elucidate linkage patterns of these variables, a model was built using structural equation model and had preferable indexes (GFI = .983, AGFI = .944, CFI = 1.00, and RMSEA=.00). The model suggested that each nickname might be independent and produce different effects on individuals and families.

　　Implications and Limitations of the present study are discussed.