2021 Volume 63 Issue 4 Pages 253-265
Disaster emergency wells are an alternative to municipal waterworks to supply water in emergencies such as natural disasters. This study investigated local disaster management plans to classify the ownership of disaster emergency wells and the subsidy policies across all municipalities in Japan. This study identified the following points. First, disaster emergency wells are mainly composed of private wells and are used for various purposes under normal circumstances. Second, some municipalities have implemented subsidies for the creation of privately owned disaster emergency wells. The subsidies are various in terms of the objective which range from installation of hand-pump, water quality inspection to water delivery. Moreover, an evaluation of institutional effectiveness is done by using criteria including use of private wells, acceptable use policy, subsidy, positional information to find out municipalities which makes advanced efforts on disaster emergency wells.
