Abstract
Work group inclusion is recognized as essential for employee well-being. However, in Japan, empirical research using validated instruments remains limited. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Work Group Inclusion Scale (WGIS-J) and evaluate its psychometric properties, with a focus on gender-based item bias. The original scale was translated into Japanese using multiple forward and back translations. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in January 2022 with 1,270 employees from a Japanese manufacturing corporate group. Using data from 937 complete responses, measurement precision and differential item functioning by gender were assessed. Associations between work group inclusion and psychological distress were also examined while adjusting for covariates. Both the belongingness and uniqueness subscales demonstrated high measurement precision across a broad range of latent trait levels. No significant gender-related differential item functioning was observed. Work group inclusion was negatively associated with psychological distress, even after adjusting for covariates.The psychometric properties of WGIS-J support its suitability for use in the Japanese workplace. Its lack of gender-based item bias supports its application in comparative studies. Future research can further examine cross-cultural validity to enhance research and practice regarding inclusive strategies to improve employee well-being.
https://ror.org/03tgsfw79 
