The author is a geochemist mainly studying chemical processes in material cycle and environmental problems via water and atmosphere. Recently, the author has some relevance with deep sea biosphere and hydrothermal chemistry at sea floor. At presentation, I would like to express my expectations in deep sea drilling project. Main targets in this presentation are water, atmosphere, bacteria, and grain boundary using advanced techniques such as XAFS, PEEM, and STXM, which will allow us to clarify elemental chemical processes occurring in mantle.