Abstract
Species-area relationships and species occurrence patterns of woodland birds were reported by several studies, and revealed that species-area relationship is logarithmic or exponential. In this study, we also found logarithmic functional relationships between woodland bird species number of both breeding and wintering season and wood area in urban area of Kyoto City, Japan. In addition, we found that the coefficients and the constants of relative species-area relationship curves were almost same between those of breeding season and wintering season though those of species-area curve were differed between breeding season and wintering season. This phenomenon is very interesting from both ecological and conservational aspects if it is a common phenomenon. The woodland bird species occurrence pattern in woodland of Kyoto City was highly nested, thus large woodland has advantage for conservation of woodland birds though forest-edge species did not present nested occurrence pattern because some of them require bush vegetation that is few in urban woodlands. The combination of relative species-area relationship curve and nestedness pattern analysis may be a powerful tool for conservation of regional avifauna.
