Abstract
On 15th August 1945, Japanese government accepted the "Potsdam Declaration", and the Second World War ended. Based on the "Potsdam Declaration" and General Order No.1 by Office of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, Republic of China started to get the governance of Taiwan. But from 15th August to 25th October, the day Japanese Governor General Rikichi Ando subscribed the Declaration of the surrender of Taiwan to the Allied Powers, there was a political vacuum period in Taiwan. On 16th August 1945, Koo Chen-fu took part in a meeting with a few Japanese Army Officers in Taiwan to have a plan to keep the social and political order in Formosa. That meeting has been considered as a conspiracy of "Taiwan Independence" or "Taiwan Autonomy Planning", after ROC got the governing power there. In fact, according to the instruction of Japanese Governor General, the attendance of the meeting did nothing about that. Even so, the ROC governing entity in Taiwan arrested the members in February 1946 as they involved in the "Taiwan Independent Plot", and Koo Chen-fu was sentenced to be imprisoned in July 1947. This article makes clear that the background of unfair judgment on Koo Chen-fu and real purpose of the Taiwan Garrison Command to capture those pro-Japanese Intellectual Taiwanese Group.
