Abstract
The Onsen site in the Desmos caldera of the Manus back-arc basin is a typical acid-sulfate mineralisation on the seafloor which is denoted by three stages of advanced argillic alteration. High concentration of Mg and SO4 in the Onsen fluid, depletion of major, minor and REE is altered rock and presence of high and low temperature acid stable minerals suggest that mineralisation is related to fluctuating influx of magmatic fluid.