Participation of Non-Profit Organizations in the Planning Process: Case Studies in Oregon, U.S.

Abstract

In this study, the role of non-profit organizations (NPOs) is focused on as a vehicle for promoting citizen participation in the comprehensive planning process. Two case studies are examined in Oregon, U.S. 1) The city of Portland has a formal structure of citizen participation system, where neighborhood associations play an important role. Their role in the middle stage of planning and for representing the neighborhood need are hilightened. 2) At the state level, there has been a strong support of a ‘watchdog’ organization for the evolution of the state land use planning program. This organization, 1000 Friends of Oregon, maintains the integrity of the program by monitoring local governments' implementation, using various technical tools including litigation, research and education.