Investigation of the Japanese Classification of Peritoneal Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer Referring to the Correlation with PCI

Abstract

Objectives: In Japan, there are three grades of peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer. The grade depends on the extent and number of lesions (P classification). The P classification is useful for its simplicity but lacks objectivity. On the other hand, the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) objectively indicates the peritoneal metastasis grade. However, the evaluation process is complicated clinically. In this study, we compared these two methods and investigated how to improve the P classification's objectivity by referring to PCI.

Methods: We investigated 150 cases of synchronous peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer. We inspected the correlation between the P classification and the PCI and pointed out the problems which prevented objective evaluation when using the P classification. We also estimated new criteria for extent and number in the P classification.

Results: We found the ideal definition for the best alignment between the P classification and the PCI was:

・P1 is metastases confined to one peritoneal region,

・P2 is 19 or fewer peritoneal metastases in two or more regions, and

・P3 is 20 or more metastases in two or more regions.

This revision improved the P classification's objectivity and correlated with the PCI.

Conclusions: Grading using the P classification was both imprecise and subjective. We propose a new standard value of extent and number in the P classification based on the PCI. This improvement would provide an objective, simple method of grading for peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer.