An overview of research topics and recent developments in computer-based testing

Abstract

This paper selectively reviews the outline and current developments on theoretical aspects of computer-based testing (CBT) in various fields. Six major research topics were introduced in detail: score comparability between PBT and CBT, adaptive testing, innovative item types, frauds and their countermeasures in online testing, utilizing log data, and reasonable accommodation. In addition, following the previous predictions on the development of CBTs and the literature review, the future direction of research on CBTs was discussed from three perspectives: validity, test anxiety, and automation.