The Transition of Specialty required for Superintendents of Education : Survey of Qualification Requirements and Work Specification related to Superintendents of Education

Abstract

This paper attempts to clarify the transition of specialty required for superintendents of education at the prefecture and ordinance designatied city in their work as specialist of education and specialist of administration, based on the result of survey of their qualification requirements and work specification since the adoption of superintendency in 1948. The survey of qualification requirements have proved that those superintendents were initially required to have a education or educational administrative specialty for a while since its adoption in 1948, but, in times, they have been required to have both qualifications as education and administrative specialty. Now the latter specialty has been more demanded rather than former specialty on them. The survey of work specification have shown the same conclusion. The above both requirements have been specified in each prefectural or city's regulations concerning their work. However, the work specification related to administration has been enlarged and more detailed. It is assumed that the laws or statutes providing mandated work deligated to those superintendents, which occupies most of their work, would have created more administrative oriented specialty, because of necessity of sophiscated administrative skills. It is concluded that now the primary function of superintendents is placed on the administrative specialty, education specialty as supplementally function, thus making necessary to primarilly enhance the specialty of administration for superintendets of education and employ those with such specialty to deal with politically and administratively complex education problems nowadays.