Abstract
According to the First Report Regarding Promotion of Regulatory Reform, regulatory reform can achieve both "establishment of socio-economic system based on the needs of consumers" and "vitalization of the economy" at the same time. This report recommended the promotion of practical research into the establishment of a legal structure to introduce "Community Schools" in near future. The idea of "Community School" is not new one and we had a good experience of this school model during the past World War II. This study investigated how present reform policy had perceived the success and failure of past similar performance. Olsen (1945) described the relation school to life in modern American society and the history of schooling. He gave that the three major answers were commonly offered as solution to the primary problem of education today like why we teach and what we teach. It is noteworthy that each of these three answers reflects not only a different philosophic orientation with consequent varied educational program, but also constitutes a definite stage along the road from the school of yesterday to the school of tomorrow. These three schools are the academic school, the progressive school and the community school. Professor Kaneko proposed his new idea called "Community School" pilot scheme. His idea came from the Charter School movement in USA and Local Management of Schools in England. The significant character of his proposal has combination of the role and function between local community and theme community. The present UK government led by Mr. Tony Blair established new public school named "Community School" as county school. The concept of community was based upon the philosophy of Professor Anthony Giddens. Giddens mentioned that some activities can be developed by local communities, but often need to be licensed or monitored by government and gave the good example that education where schools might be given a range of new powers, but the way these are used has to be regulated by the state.
