Abstract
In recent years, the educational administration system in Japan has been changed rapidly and drastically. The changes of management of schools are the following. They are changes of allocation of control power to schools between Ministry of Education, school boards, and change of structure of school control. Along with these alterations the organization and management systems in schools are modified. Firstly, the organizational structure of school is changing. Centralization of power and stratification of organization are under way. Principals' power of decision making is increasing and new managerial positions between principals and teachers are created. Secondly, management methods of the private sector are introduced into school. Methods and tools of business management and 'management by objects' are introduced and prevail in schools. These reforms of school management are characterized by progression of structuration of school organization and progression of planning and efficiency in school management. These reforms tend to reduce the characteristics of school organization of 'loose coupling' or professional autonomy of teachers. It is a question whether or not the trends of reform of school management meet the 'uncertainty' which characterizes the of tasks of teachers and schools. Three types of organizational strategy to process 'uncertainty' of education were hypothesized. There are adaptation by individualization of teachers, adaptation by control and simplification by using organizational power, and adaptation by collaborative process between teachers. One of the major problems in research of educational administration is to explain the ideal types of school organization thats fit educational uncertainty, and to clarify the methods needed to realize this organization.
