Abstract
The pathophysiology of neuromuscular disorders in the pharynx and larynx has been provided from an overview of neurologist's approaches. So as to understand relevant neuroanatomy, nuclei and nerves innervating the muscles which participate in pharyngo-laryngeal movement such as in swallowing and speech were introduced with their physiological function. In the oral preparatory, oral and pharyngo-laryngeal phases excluding an esophageal phase of the swallowing, various aspects of the neuromuscular control of pharyngo-laryngeal dysfunction were evaluated. Findings causing dysphagia or dysarthria were pointed out in some principal neuromuscular diseases such as bulbar and pseudobulbar palsies, motor neuron diseases, cranial polyneuropathy, disease of the neuromuscular junction, muscular dystrophy, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and so on.
