Abstract
Calcified lesions limit stent expansion and are associated with poor clinical outcome. To address these lesions, several specialized devices have been developed, including atherectomy devices such as rotational atherectomy and orbital atherectomy, modified balloons, and intravascular lithotripsy. Additionally, intracoronary imaging devices, including intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography, help operators to assess the distribution and morphology of calcified lesions. Based on this knowledge and assessment, an optimal strategy for managing calcified lesions must be determined. In this review, we introduce the concepts and mechanisms of these specialized devices and evaluate the distribution and morphology of calcified lesions using intracoronary imaging. Based on this information, we aim to help interventional cardiologists better manage calcified lesions.
