Abstract
Beige adipocytes derived from white adipocytes are known to be involved in energy expenditure, whereas white adipocytes provide energy storage. Irisin, which is known as a myokine, contributes to the generation of beige adipocytes in adipose tissue, referred to as beiging, by binding to the αV /β5 integrin (ITGAV/ITGB5) receptor in white adipocytes. Focusing on this action of irisin, we searched for natural dietary components that enhance adipocyte beiging. As a result, we found that the mRNA and protein expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5), a precursor protein of irisin, were increased after treatment with acerola in C2C12 myotubes, and the mRNA expression of ITGB5 was increased after treatment with mango ginger in 3T3–L1 adipocytes. Moreover, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA in 3T3–L1 adipocytes, which is considered a beiging marker of the adipocytes, was increased when cultured with mango ginger and the supernatant from acerola-treated C2C12 myotube cultures. This indicates that the enhanced production of irisin in C2C12 myotubes by acerola and the promotion of ITGB5 expression in 3T3–L1 adipocytes by mango ginger lead to the increased expression of UCP1 mRNA in 3T3–L1 adipocytes. Overall, our results suggest that acerola and mango ginger can promote the beiging of white adipocytes via irisin, suggesting that these natural dietary components are promising candidates for obesity therapy.
