Abstract
Stone age humans were nomadic and dependent on hunting, which made genes for “thriftiness” beneficial for survival. However, in modern man—with his gluttony and lack of exercise—this gene possesses no merit, leading to the increase of lifestyle-related disease and necessity of exercise. Continuous exercise improves insulin resistance and decreases visceral fat. In the case of elderly with less muscle volume, resistance exercise is necessary. According to the 2007 Exercise Guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the American Heart Association (AHA), exercise for health is different from typical movements in daily life, and vigorous exercise is necessary. In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare formulated the “Exercise and Physical Activity Guide for Health Promotion 2006”, in which physical activity is classified into exercise and non-exercise activity (NEA), and the quantity goal of physical activity for health promotion was set at 23 units or more per week. In the exercise formula for respiratory rehabilitation, we can set 4 variables of frequency, intensity, time and type (FITT), and utilize Target Dyspnea Rating (TDR). And for cardiac rehabilitation, we can use the guidelines of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) and Guidelines for Exercise Training in Patients with Heart Disease (JCS 2002).
