Distribution of Cations in Ice Grown on a Rotating Cold Cylinder

Abstract

Ice was formed on a rotating cold cylinder, and the distribution of cations (i.e., K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺) between ice and water as a function of the operating variables of ice crystallization was discussed. Ice growth rate was controlled by the rotation speed and temperature of the cold cylinder. The shape of the ice formed on the rotating cold cylinder depended on the flow structure of Taylor vortices in the water solution. The effective distribution coefficients of the cations were extremely small compared with those in the fatty acid system. The effective distribution coefficients of the cations correlated well as a function of ice growth rate. According to the correlation model, pure ice can form if the ice growth rate is lower than the critical growth rate. The critical temperatures of the four cations showed no difference from each other, and increased with the supercooling temperature.