Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate settlement in the backfill of geogrid reinforced soil walls (GRSWs) subjected to earthquakes as an indicator of extent of damage. A series of shaking table tests were performed on model GRSWs with varying geogrid stiffness and geogrid content. Settlement at the top of the backfill was measured using a LiDAR camera. Along with settlement, corresponding deformation of facing wall and distribution of maximum shear strain in the backfill were studied. Typically, larger settlements were observed to occur behind the reinforced soil block. Regarding the parameters representing settlement, it was observed that the settlement area offers a more consistent representation of settlement behavior in the backfill and the extent of damage compared to maximum settlement measured at a particular section. In the experiments, it was observed that the model walls could not withstand excess shaking when the normalized settlement area reached around 2%.
https://ror.org/02evnh647 
