Abstract
In the 1950's, various techniques for surgical intervention were developed to treat spondylotic cervical diseases and cervical disc herniation. To achieve satisfactory nerve decompression and practical spinal column fixation, a variety of procedures have been introduced, among which an anterior and a posterior apporoach are the two most common operations. Through the history of cervical spine surgery, the introduction of the operating microscope, the progress in radiological diagnosis and the introduction of instrumentation played an important role as breakthroughs. Using a microscope and instrumentation made it possible to perform radical nerve decompression as well as secure and durable fixation. In addition, radiological technology has accelerated clinical recognition and comprehension of the pathophysiology of cervical spondylosis, disc herniation and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). On the other hand, instrumentation has also created new problems including surgical complications such as vascular and nerve damage. Surgery for degenerative diseases in the cervical spine is indicated to improve the quality of a patient's life. Therefore, prudent care should be exercised when planning the surgical strategy and when performing operative procedures.
