Cutting-edge Knowledge of Brain Dock Practice in Japan

Abstract

  In this article, we discuss the history, current status, and features of brain dock practice in Japan. The brain dock system was introduced in Japan in 1988 and plays an important role in the field of preventive medicine. Based on a survey to determine the current status of brain dock evaluations performed in Japan, initiated by the Japan Neurosurgical Society, neurosurgeons are closely involved in brain dock practice. The first edition of the guidelines for brain dock application was published in 1997, and these guidelines are revised every 5 to 6 years. The aims of brain dock evaluation outlined in the revised fifth edition (2019) of the guidelines describe not only prevention of stroke but also prevention of cognitive impairment. Functional imaging and functional tests are recommended in addition to existing morphological imaging. Brain dock practice is entering a new era in Japan.