A study on grading ability in sprinting, jumping, and throwing.

Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the grading ability of the perforrnance control in sprinting, jumping and throwing as focusing on the correspondence of objective perforrnance to variable subjective efforts, the influential factors to the grading and the specific differences among those movements.

    The results were summarized as follows:

(1) There was a significant and similar linear relationship between the subjective effort and the objective perforrnance in each movement.

(2) The objective perforrnance generated to each effort were significantly greater than the level of corresponded subjective effort in each movement.

(3) Significantly influential factors were the step length at lower speed and the step frequency at higher speed in sprinting, both of the maximal joint angle and the angular extension velocity of the knee and the hip joint in jumping and forward horizontal displacement of the center of gravity in throwing, respectively.

(4) In terms of the accuracy to correspond with the level of effort (a) and with the variable rate to change the effort (b), the grading abilities of (a) and (b) were common to jumping and throwing, and to running and jumping, respectively.