The combination offense play of world class men's volleyball team

-A cinematographic analysis of ltaly versus Japan in the 1995 World Cup-

Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the offensive pattem after the serve reception of Italy men's volleyball team which won the 1995 World Cup. The first sideout plays during the game between Italy and Japan in the 1995 World Cup held in Hiroshima were filmed at 100 f.p.s. with two 16mm cinecameras and a VTR. The kinematic data of the spiking motions were computed by the Direct Linear Transformation Method.

    The combination offense plays of the first sideout plays were the three or four-hitter attack. Italy used almost the four-hitter attack (85%) whether the setter was on the back or front court rotation. Each set of the four-hitter attack was delivered by the jump-set. The offensive pattem which was often used as the four-hitter attack consisted of the B or C quick set, the low fast set to the leftside spiker, the lob set to the center spiker, and the back lob set to the rightside spiker. The center and / or rightside spiker was the back court spiker in some cases. The back court spike on the rightside area was performed by the ace-spiker of the team. The maximum spiking height of Italian ace-spiker was 3.50m. The approach velocity, the takeoff location, and the broadjumping length of the center back court spike called ‘pipe' were 4.50m/s, 3.90m, and 2.16m respectively. The pipe was not used in such a case that the back court spiker passed the jumping serve himself.