A Case of Anal Malignant Lymphoma

Abstract

Anorectal malignant lymphoma is rare, with an incidence reported to be 0.2% of malignant diseases of the colon and rectum. The most common site of intestinal malignant lymphoma is the ileocecal region (70%). Anorectal malignant lymphoma is often misdiagnosed as carcinoma or inflammatory disease before surgery, and its correct diagnosis is often obtained based on histological examination of a resected specimen after surgery. The treatment of anorectal malignant lymphoma has not yet been established, and the prognosis is reported to be extremely poor. We herein report one case of anal malignant lymphoma diagnosed following surgery for hemorrhoids and anal fissures. When an anal induration is encountered in clinical practice, a histological investigation should be conducted. Postoperative adjuvant therapy should include radiation and R-CHOP chemotherapy wherever possible.