Clinical profile of patients aged 50 and younger undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

Abstract

Attributed to the growing popularity of western diets, the age of coronary artery disease (CAD) is on a lowering trend in recent years. Therefore the number of young patients undergoing CABG is steadily growing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of risk factors of CAD and the early outcome of surgical revascularization in patients aged 50 or younger undergoing CABG. The retrospective study involved 558 patients, who underwent off-pump CABG in our institution between May 2007 and December 2011. The study group included 22 patients aged 50 years or younger, mean age was 42.5±6.1 years. Hyperlipidemia was found in 16 patients (72.7%), hypertension in 11 (50.0%), smoking in 9 (40.9%), diabetes mellitus in 7 (31.8%), obesity in 5 (22.7%) and 2 (9.1%) had family history of CAD. Left internal thoracic artery (ITA) was used in 21 (95.5%), right ITA in 15 (68.2%), right gastroepiploic artery in 12 (54.5%), radial artery in 7 (31.8%) and vein graft in 3 patients (13.6%). 19 patients (86.4%) received only arterial grafts. No patient was switched to on-pump surgery. The mean number of bypass grafts was 3.3±1.4. All patients experienced complete revascularization. Patients were discharged in 19.3±5.8 days. Patients aged 50 or younger undergoing CABG had a high incidence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and active smoking. We have aimed for long term patency with arterial grafts particularly for young patients.