Abstract
Recent interests on biominerals are related to expanded knowledges of biospheres and environmental problems in the Earth. Biominerals offer new materials for crystallographic study in the 21st century. The following unique properties and themes on biominerals are reviewed: types of biomineralization, mineral species of biominerals, evolution and crystals, magnetotactic bacteria and magnetite crystals, fine structures in biominerals and nanocrystalline to low-crystalline biominerals.
