Abstract
Genetic relationships between cultivars are estimated either by coefficient of parentage, which is calculated using the database of cultivars lineage, or from genetic distance, which is calculated based on DNA polymorphism using the molecular markers. In this study, Euclidean distances and Nei's genetic distances among 22 barley cultivars were calculated using moleculer markers. The result of cluster analysis based on Eucedian distances was well explained by lineages of respective cultivars. A significant correlation (-0.526 ndash; -0.650) between the coefficients of parentage and the Nei's genetic distances was found among 22 modern cultivars grown in Japan. Thus, the validity of the coefficients of parentage between two cultivars, which are calculated assuming that cultivars derived from the crossing have half of the genetic materials of each parent, was supported by the genetic distance estimated from DNA polymorphism. On the other hand, the alleles detected by the molecular markers in this study were supposed to be nearly equally distributed to the offspring in the breeding process.
