Associated factors for antimicrobial use in enteritis due to Campylobacter jejuni

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to clarify factors associated with antimicrobial use in the patients with enteritis due to Campylobacter jejuni.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. This study included adult patients from whom C. jejuni was isolated in stool cultures between April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2023.

Results: Among 129 patients included in this study, 71 (55.0％) were male, median age was 26 years (IQR; 23-35), and 26 (20.2％) had underlying diseases. The most common symptom was diarrhea (121 patients, 93.8％), followed by fever (99 patients, 76.7％). Sixty (46.5％) of 129 patients were treated with antimicrobial agents. The most common administered antimicrobial agent was quinolones (22 patients), followed by fosfomycin (18 patients) and macrolides (15 patients). There were no significant differences in age, underlying disease, or symptoms between the antimicrobial-treated and non-treated groups. Forty-eight (40.0％) and 47 (39.2％) of the 120 isolates which tested for antimicrobial susceptibility were non-sensitive to levofloxacin and fosfomycin, respectively.

Conclusion: These results suggested that appropriate use of antimicrobial agents should be encouraged in Campylobacter enteritis.