Abstract
Heat transfer characteristics from a flat smooth copper surface to liquid 3He have been measured from 0.5 to 1K under saturated vapor pressure. The temperature difference between the copper surface and liquid 3He was measured as a function of heat flux in a thermal equilibrium state. Kapitza thermal resistance was also measured, and the relation between the temperature difference subtracted Kapitza thermal resistance and the heat flux was decided. In the nonboiling state, the observed data agreed with the equation deduced from the convection flow. However, the data were not explained with Kutateladze's correlation in the nucleate boiling state. In the film boiling state, the data agreed with Breen and Westweater's correlation. While the heat flux was increased, a discontinuous decrease of the temperature difference was observed at the transition from the nonboiling state to the nucleate boiling state. While the heat flux was decreased, the temperature difference changed continuously at the transition from the nucleate boiling state to the nonboiling state from 0.8 to 1K, whereas the change was discontinuous below 0.7K. The observed nucleate boiling state was subdivided into three regions by its behavior. A boiling model is considered in order to explain the behavior qualitatively.
