Abstract
Hydrogen bubble chambers and those refrigerators
The requirements for the refrigerators in high energy physics, especially for the hydrogen bubble chamber refrigerators are discussed. Major hydrogen bubble chambers and those refrigerators in Western Europe and USA are classified according to the types of refrigeration system. Most of those refrigerators are belonging to the type of conservative one. A design concept on the bubble chamber refrigerator which couples an excellent liquefier to an advanced chamber by means of a large liquid hydrogen tank is proposed. Other refrigerators for the superconducting magnets, the liquefied hydrogen target and the polarized target are also discussed.
