Evidence-based Decision-making Regarding Fluoride Application in Recent Years Part 2: Data Interpretation to Address Misunderstandings

Abstract

 This paper is the second part of a report on recent scientific evidence regarding fluoride application. 1. The effectiveness of school-based fluoride mouthrinse in Japan: We explained that the effectiveness of health policies in real-world settings could not be evaluated based on randomized controlled trials alone, and school-based fluoride mouth rinse is necessary as a population strategy to reduce health inequalities. 2. Chlorhexidine application for caries prevention and the safety of fluoride toothpaste with titanium materials for anaphylactic shock: We reviewed the scientific evidence on the caries-preventing effects of and adverse events caused by chlorhexidine. 3. Fluoride application and allergies/anaphylaxis: We reported the unlikeliness of fluoride application causing anaphylactic shock, and stated that fluoride should be applied carefully to prevent acute fluoride toxicity. 4. Fluoride application and scientific evidence on caries prevention for infants and toddlers: We explained that “evidence of the cause of disease” and “evidence of preventing the cause” needed to be considered separately. 5. Necessity of advocates for fluoride application, including water fluoridation: We explained that it is necessary to continue to advocate for public-based scientific evidence as the role of experts in public health policy in the group decision-making process.