2026 Volume 21 Issue 4 Pages 713-728
This comparative cross-sectional survey study examines perceptions of climate change adaptation in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) by comparing College of the Marshall Islands (CMI) students (n=99) with general RMI citizens (n=150). Perceptions were assessed using 37 survey items addressing current satisfaction, migration attitudes, perceptions of artificial islands, and policy preferences. Using Mann–Whitney U tests, the analysis revealed statistically significant differences in 16 items (43.2%, p<0.05), with notable effect sizes (rank-biserial correlation, r) indicating distinct generational and educational perspectives. CMI students demonstrated significantly higher expectations for lifestyle continuity on artificial islands (r=0.42), greater satisfaction with healthcare quality (r=0.40) and government climate measures (r=0.31), stronger community involvement as part of identity (r=0.30), and more positive views toward emigration and cultural retention abroad. In contrast, citizens reported feeling more constrained by family and community obligations, held stronger expectations for return migration (r=-0.27), and showed greater support for “Right to Stay” policies, reflecting deeper place attachment and social responsibility considerations. Despite these differences, both groups converged on supporting diverse adaptation strategies. These findings elucidate the complexity of climate adaptation planning in small island states, highlighting the need for differentiated communication strategies and balanced policy portfolios that address technological solutions, migration preparedness, cultural preservation, and varying generational perspectives. Effective adaptation policies must acknowledge these perceptual differences while building on areas of consensus. Such policies should serve to unite rather than fragment Marshallese society as it faces existential climate threats.
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