2016 Volume 50thanniv. Pages 23-36
The purpose of this paper is to show the centralized financial system under the Japanese welfare state and to prove clearly a lack of the social security system relating to education and child care, throughout considering interdisciplinary research. I analyze one of the most important theories, the theory of dividing education matters into internal items and external items, and the ideology of the Japanese welfare state.
As criticizing the ideology of the Japanese welfare state that led to the construction of a particular Japanese social regime after World War II, Seiya Munakata determined the theory of dividing education matters into internal items and external items in educational administration study in the 1950s. In a process of forming the theory, Munakata pointed out that the Japanese educational finance system was extremely vulnerable. Subsequentry, from the point of view that government should fund education, arguments were growing regarding the relativity of internal and external items and how to decide the financial matters of external items democratically.
In addition, arguments around the theory were influenced by the comparative analysis of welfare state ideology and the condition of the Japanese welfare state. It is important at least to discuss the theoretical value throughout keeping the relationships between the theory, the ideology and the system under review.
How we understand the Japanese welfare state and welfare society are not only historical research questions but also modern challenges. Today’s child poverty happens in the changing Japanese welfare state and the issues are in a new specific structure. We are to find the new serious problems resulting from a new social regime in Japan.
