Utilization of Continuous-Flow System for Sequential Extraction of Heavy Metals in Soil and Sediment Samples

Mini-Review

Abstract

This mini-review provides several reports on the continuous-flow sequential extraction of heavy metals from samples of solid materials such as soil, sludge, or sediment, and its knowledge. These extraction systems have used extractants proposed by the Commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference (BCR), or official leaching tests, and the procedures have performed in the column with a solid material. Because the continuous flow system can automatically carry out the extraction procedure, it can eliminate important problems with sequential extraction techniques in the batchwise methods, such as redistribution as a result of readsorption of dissolved metals onto the remaining solid phases during the extraction, and complicated extraction procedures.