Evaluation of slope stability and displacement by Energy-based Newmark method using earthquake energy: A research note

Abstract

In the previous paper (Kokusho, 2019), nonlinear numerical analyses were conducted wherein the Newmark-type slope model was shaken underneath by propagating SH wave, where wave energy as the difference between upward and downward SH wave was confirmed to contribute to slope sliding together with other associated energies. Residual slope displacements δr were uniquely evaluated from the wave energy despite the difference in earthquake waves, indicating that δr can be readily obtained with no need of acceleration time-histories. In this research note, in order to minimize the numerical errors involved, the slope model has been improved so that the numerical analysis can be conducted with high accuracy up to large slope displacements. The analytical results have been summarized in a normalized unique function for widely varying pertinent parameters for slope failures. A design chart previously developed to calculate earthquake-induced slope displacements has been partially revised accordingly though mostly unchanged.