2024 Volume 10 Issue 59 Pages 2219-2224
Lateral spreading due to earthquake induced soil liquefaction is frequently observed, but the resulting deformation is usually limited within several meters in near level ground. However, lateral spreading of several hundred meters was observed in very gentle slope ground within 0-3° in Balaroa during the 2018 Sulawesi Earthquake. In this study, numerical simulations using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method are conducted to investigate the influence of Rayleigh wave on lateral spreading in gentle sloping ground, based on the Balaroa landslide conditions. Ground soil is simulated using the Herschel Bulkley Papanastasiou (HBP) rheology constitutive model, seismic wave is input using Dynamic Boundary Particles (DBP) boundary condition. 3D spatial modeling is achieved using Geographic Information System (GIS). The deformation characteristics of the gentle slope ground under Rayleigh wave and shear wave are compared, revealing a possible cause of the observed large lateral spreading in the 2018 Sulawesi Earthquake.