Abstract
It seems important to develop a numerical method for analyzing complex interactive action of soils and structures. The finite element used in this study is a pseudo-equilibrium model by one-point integration of a 4-noded iso-parametric element. The rotating failure of a retaining structure with excavation is analyzed. A layered approach based on 8-noded iso-parametric element to reinforced concrete structures is also developed. A material model for a concrete is used similarly by applying Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and strain softening behavior associated with shear band localization. Then a elasto-plastic strain softening plastic model combined with endochronic theory is developed and applied to a earthquake response analysis of embankment dam.
